A curated list of resources for learning German grammar, including structures, syntax, and usage nuances.
Languages: English | 日本語 (Japanese) | Deutsch (German)
- Grammar Fundamentals
- Verbs (Verben)
- Sentence Structure
- Adjectives and Adverbs
- Prepositions (Präpositionen)
- Online Resources
- Books and Courses
- Tools and Apps
- Communities
- Contributing
German has four grammatical cases that affect articles, pronouns, adjectives, and nouns:
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Nominative (Nominativ) - The subject case
- German Cases Explained - Comprehensive overview of German cases.
- Nominative Case Guide - Detailed explanation with examples.
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Accusative (Akkusativ) - The direct object case
- Accusative Case Tutorial - Clear explanations with practice exercises.
- When to Use Accusative - Practical guide with common usage patterns.
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Dative (Dativ) - The indirect object case
- Dative Case Explained - Complete guide to dative usage.
- Dative Verbs List - Essential verbs that take dative objects.
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Genitive (Genitiv) - The possessive case
- Genitive Case Guide - Understanding possession in German.
- Modern Genitive Usage - How genitive is used in contemporary German.
Articles in German change based on case, gender, and number:
- Definite Articles (der, die, das) - Complete declension tables.
- Indefinite Articles (ein, eine) - When and how to use indefinite articles.
- Article Declension Table - Visual reference for all article forms.
- Zero Article (Nullartikel) - When to omit articles.
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Personal Pronouns
- Personal Pronoun Declension - Full declension in all cases.
- Pronoun Usage Guide - Practical examples and exercises.
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Possessive Pronouns
- Possessive Pronouns Explained - My, your, his, her, etc.
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Reflexive Pronouns
- Reflexive Pronoun Guide - Essential for reflexive verbs.
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Relative Pronouns
- Relative Clauses in German - Der, die, das as relative pronouns.
Every German noun has a grammatical gender (masculine, feminine, or neuter):
- Gender Rules and Patterns - Predictable patterns for determining gender.
- Gender Learning Strategies - Effective methods to memorize genders.
- Gender by Ending - Common noun endings and their typical genders.
- Regular Verb Conjugation - Standard conjugation patterns.
- Irregular Verbs List - Most common irregular verbs with conjugations.
- Strong vs Weak Verbs - Understanding verb categories.
- Verbformen.de - Comprehensive verb conjugation database.
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Present Tense (Präsens)
- Present Tense Guide - Formation and usage.
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Past Tenses
- Perfect (Perfekt) - Conversational past tense.
- Simple Past (Präteritum) - Narrative past tense.
- Past Perfect (Plusquamperfekt) - Past before past.
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Future Tenses
- Future I (Futur I) - Expressing future actions.
- Future II (Futur II) - Future perfect tense.
The six modal verbs in German: können, müssen, dürfen, sollen, wollen, mögen:
- Modal Verbs Overview - Complete guide to all six modals.
- Modal Verb Usage - Practical examples and nuances.
- Subjective vs Objective Modals - Advanced modal verb concepts.
- Separable Verbs (Trennbare Verben) - Verbs with detachable prefixes.
- Inseparable Verbs - Verbs with fixed prefixes.
- Prefix Meanings - Understanding how prefixes change meaning.
- Konjunktiv I - Indirect speech.
- Konjunktiv II - Hypothetical situations and polite requests.
- Würde + Infinitive - Alternative conditional form.
German word order follows specific rules that differ from English:
- Basic Word Order Rules - TeKaMoLo and other principles.
- Verb Position in German - Where verbs go in different sentence types.
- Time-Manner-Place - Adverbial word order.
- Main Clause Structure - Standard and inverted word order.
- Questions in German - Forming W-questions and yes/no questions.
- Commands (Imperativ) - Giving orders and instructions.
- Subordinating Conjunctions - Weil, dass, wenn, ob, etc.
- Relative Clauses - Connecting ideas with relative pronouns.
- Infinitive Clauses (zu + Infinitiv) - Using infinitive constructions.
Adjectives in German change their endings based on case, gender, number, and the preceding article:
- Adjective Endings Overview - Complete declension tables.
- Strong, Weak, and Mixed Declension - Three declension patterns explained.
- Adjective Ending Chart - Easy-to-understand visual guide.
- Comparative and Superlative - Forming comparisons in German.
- Irregular Comparatives - Special forms like gut → besser → beste.
- Adverb Formation - How adverbs work in German.
- Temporal, Modal, and Local Adverbs - Different types of adverbs.
Prepositions that always take the accusative case: durch, für, gegen, ohne, um, bis, entlang
- Accusative Prepositions Guide - Usage and examples.
Prepositions that always take the dative case: aus, bei, mit, nach, seit, von, zu, gegenüber
- Dative Prepositions Guide - Detailed explanations.
Prepositions that take either accusative or dative: an, auf, hinter, in, neben, über, unter, vor, zwischen
- Two-Way Prepositions Explained - When to use which case.
- Location vs Direction - The key distinction.
Prepositions that take the genitive case: während, wegen, trotz, (an)statt, innerhalb, außerhalb
- Genitive Prepositions Guide - Formal and written usage.
- Deutsche Welle - Learn German - Free comprehensive course from A1 to C1.
- Deutsch Akademie - Free grammar exercises with explanations.
- Schubert Verlag Online Exercises - Level-specific grammar practice.
- IFU Sprachinstitut - Interactive exercises for all levels.
- Canoo.net - Detailed German grammar reference.
- Lingolia German Grammar - Clear explanations with examples and exercises.
- German Very Easy - Simplified grammar explanations.
- Your Daily German - In-depth articles on tricky grammar topics.
- Grammatiktraining - Extensive exercise database (in German).
- German Grammar Drills - Printable and online exercises.
- Lingolia Practice - Interactive exercises for each grammar topic.
- Easy German - Street interviews and grammar explanations.
- Learn German with Ania - Grammar-focused video lessons.
- German with Jenny - Comprehensive grammar series.
- Coffee Break German - Audio lessons with grammar focus.
- Hammer's German Grammar and Usage by Martin Durrell - The most comprehensive reference grammar.
- Schaum's Outline of German Grammar by Elke Gschossmann-Hendershot - Practical exercises and explanations.
- German Grammar in Context by Carol Fehringer - Analysis of authentic texts.
- Essential German Grammar by Martin Durrell - Concise reference for learners.
- Practice Makes Perfect: Complete German Grammar by Ed Swick - Exercise-heavy workbook.
- Mittelpunkt by Klett - B1-C1 level textbooks with strong grammar focus.
- Menschen by Hueber - Popular communicative textbook series A1-B1.
- Aspekte neu by Klett - B1+ to C1 with integrated grammar.
- Studio [21] by Cornelsen - A1-B1 comprehensive textbook series.
- Übungsgrammatik für die Grundstufe by Hueber - A1-B1 grammar practice.
- Übungsgrammatik für die Mittelstufe by Verlag Liebaug-Dartmann - B1-C1 exercises.
- Lehr- und Übungsbuch der deutschen Grammatik (Dreyer-Schmitt) - Classic comprehensive workbook.
- Leo.org - Comprehensive German-English dictionary with forum.
- Linguee - Context-based translation search.
- DWDS - Digital dictionary of the German language (monolingual).
- Duden - Authoritative German dictionary and grammar reference.
- LanguageTool - Free grammar and style checker for German.
- Duden Mentor - Grammar and spelling checker.
- DeepL Write - AI-powered writing assistant for German.
- Anki - Powerful SRS flashcard app with German decks.
- Memrise - Gamified vocabulary and grammar learning.
- Quizlet - User-generated flashcard sets for German grammar.
- r/German - Active Reddit community for German learners.
- WordReference German Forum - Grammar and usage questions.
- German Stack Exchange - Q&A for German language enthusiasts.
- Tandem - Language exchange app.
- HelloTalk - Chat with native speakers.
- r/language_exchange - Find language partners on Reddit.
- Easy German on Instagram - Daily German content.
- German Memes - Learn through humor.
- Deutsche Welle on Twitter - Daily German learning tips.
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