[core/python/runtime] Rework the target configuration specification

[schweitzpgi]

This is a fairly extensive overhaul that moves the target config from live .yml files in the runtime used whenever they are needed to pre-processing those declarative specifications at build-time so that the information can be loaded/linked into the code without a need for finding files with every run, etc.

This pre-processing allows the specification to be verified, tagged, and checked so as to prevent build-time to run-time skew and mischief, improved performance, a reliable contract from build to run, etc.

This work does not change how the data is used. That functionality, built from querying the relational information in the .yml files today is fully retained. It is merely the container that contains the database of target information that is being changed for safety, performance, etc. This change will also allow the compiler to obtain more clarity on the model each backend executes so that it can optimize for specific targets in direct ways, which the compiler cannot do at all today.

[github-actions]

CI Summary (push) — ❌ failed

Run #35277916889 · ✅ 6 · ⏩ 8 · ❌ 1 · ⛔ 0

❌ Failed or cancelled

Job	Result	Link
build_and_test	❌ failure	view

Top-level jobs (15)

Job	Result
binaries	⏩ skipped
build_and_test	❌ failure
changes	✅ success
config_devdeps	✅ success
config_source_build	⏩ skipped
config_wheeldeps	✅ success
devdeps	✅ success
docker_image	⏩ skipped
gen_code_coverage	⏩ skipped
metadata	✅ success
python_devel_wheel	⏩ skipped
python_metapackages	⏩ skipped
python_wheels	⏩ skipped
source_build	⏩ skipped
wheeldeps	✅ success

⏩ Skipped jobs (8) — intentionally skipped on PR builds; run on merge_group / workflow_dispatch

Job
binaries
config_source_build
docker_image
gen_code_coverage
python_devel_wheel
python_metapackages
python_wheels
source_build

All sub-jobs (44) — every matrix leg, with links

Job	Status	Link
Build and test (amd64, gcc12, openmpi) / Dev environment (Debug)	❌ failure	view
Build and test (amd64, gcc12, openmpi) / Dev environment (Python)	❌ failure	view
Build and test (amd64, llvm, openmpi) / Dev environment (Debug)	❌ failure	view
Build and test (amd64, llvm, openmpi) / Dev environment (Python)	❌ failure	view
Build and test (arm64, llvm, openmpi) / Dev environment (Debug)	❌ failure	view
Build and test (arm64, llvm, openmpi) / Dev environment (Python)	❌ failure	view
CI Summary	❔ in_progress	view
Check for stable CUDA-Q changes	✅ success	view
Configure build (devdeps)	✅ success	view
Configure build (source_build)	⏩ skipped	view
Configure build (wheeldeps)	✅ success	view
Create CUDA Quantum installer	⏩ skipped	view
Create Docker images	⏩ skipped	view
Create Python metapackages	⏩ skipped	view
Create Python wheels	⏩ skipped	view
Create shared Python development wheel	⏩ skipped	view
Gen code coverage	⏩ skipped	view
Load dependencies (amd64, gcc12) / Caching	✅ success	view
Load dependencies (amd64, gcc12) / Finalize	✅ success	view
Load dependencies (amd64, gcc12) / Metadata	✅ success	view
Load dependencies (amd64, llvm) / Caching	✅ success	view
Load dependencies (amd64, llvm) / Finalize	✅ success	view
Load dependencies (amd64, llvm) / Metadata	✅ success	view
Load dependencies (arm64, gcc12) / Caching	✅ success	view
Load dependencies (arm64, gcc12) / Finalize	✅ success	view
Load dependencies (arm64, gcc12) / Metadata	✅ success	view
Load dependencies (arm64, llvm) / Caching	✅ success	view
Load dependencies (arm64, llvm) / Finalize	✅ success	view
Load dependencies (arm64, llvm) / Metadata	✅ success	view
Load source build cache	⏩ skipped	view
Load wheel dependencies (amd64, 12.6) / Caching	✅ success	view
Load wheel dependencies (amd64, 12.6) / Finalize	✅ success	view
Load wheel dependencies (amd64, 12.6) / Metadata	✅ success	view
Load wheel dependencies (amd64, 13.0) / Caching	✅ success	view
Load wheel dependencies (amd64, 13.0) / Finalize	✅ success	view
Load wheel dependencies (amd64, 13.0) / Metadata	✅ success	view
Load wheel dependencies (arm64, 12.6) / Caching	✅ success	view
Load wheel dependencies (arm64, 12.6) / Finalize	✅ success	view
Load wheel dependencies (arm64, 12.6) / Metadata	✅ success	view
Load wheel dependencies (arm64, 13.0) / Caching	✅ success	view
Load wheel dependencies (arm64, 13.0) / Finalize	✅ success	view
Load wheel dependencies (arm64, 13.0) / Metadata	✅ success	view
Prepare cache clean-up	❔ in_progress	view
Retrieve PR info	✅ success	view

⚠️ Required checks (0/6) — 6 missing — declared in .github/required-checks.yml for push

Required check	Status	Link
Build and test (amd64, llvm, openmpi) / Dev environment (Debug)	❌ failure	view
Build and test (amd64, llvm, openmpi) / Dev environment (Python)	❌ failure	view
Build and test (arm64, llvm, openmpi) / Dev environment (Debug)	❌ failure	view
Build and test (arm64, llvm, openmpi) / Dev environment (Python)	❌ failure	view
Build and test (amd64, gcc12, openmpi) / Dev environment (Debug)	❌ failure	view
Build and test (amd64, gcc12, openmpi) / Dev environment (Python)	❌ failure	view