fix(react-native): add missing AssetRegistry TypeScript types (#58964)

Summary:
#57369 moved the AssetRegistry into the public API of React Native starting from `0.87`. Unfortunately, it seems that the TypeScript types were not updated to include this API, resulting in type issues when trying to use:

```ts
import { AssetRegistry, type AssetDestPathResolver, type PackagerAsset } from 'react-native'
```

This PR fixes the typing issues for `0.88`.

The [Flow types were updated correctly](https://github.com/react/react-native/blob/2d913c7292088a7bc4482a6febb2ee4903d6f32f/packages/react-native/index.js.flow#L282-L286) in `0.87-rc.0`.

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[GENERAL] [FIXED] Add missing TypeScript types for public `AssetRegistry` API

Pull Request resolved: #58964

Test Plan:
- Prepare any TypeScript project with React Native
- Run type checks for:
    `import { AssetRegistry, type AssetDestPathResolver, type PackagerAsset } from 'react-native'`
- Should succeed

Reviewed By: Abbondanzo

Differential Revision: D125060242

Pulled By: fabriziocucci

fbshipit-source-id: 4efadb3647afcac43ecd83472a88d9fb02882905

Author: byCedric

packages/react-native/types_DEPRECATED/index.d.ts

@@ -144,6 +144,7 @@ export * as CodegenTypes from './Libraries/Types/CodegenTypesNamespace';
 export * from './Libraries/Types/CoreEventTypes';
 export * from './Libraries/Utilities/Appearance';
 export * from './Libraries/Utilities/BackHandler';
+export * from './src/private/assets/AssetRegistry';
 export * from './src/private/devsupport/devmenu/DevMenu';
 export * from './Libraries/Utilities/DevSettings';
 export * from './Libraries/Utilities/Dimensions';

packages/react-native/types_DEPRECATED/src/private/assets/AssetRegistry.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the MIT license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
+ *
+ * @format
+ */
+
+export type AssetDestPathResolver = 'android' | 'generic';
+
+export interface PackagerAsset {
+  readonly __packager_asset: boolean;
+  readonly fileSystemLocation: string;
+  readonly httpServerLocation: string;
+  readonly width: number | null | undefined;
+  readonly height: number | null | undefined;
+  readonly scales: number[];
+  readonly hash: string;
+  readonly name: string;
+  readonly type: string;
+  readonly resolver?: AssetDestPathResolver | undefined;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Runtime registry that maps asset IDs generated in a Metro bundle to asset
+ * metadata. It backs `<Image>`, `Image.resolveAssetSource()`, and any code
+ * that resolves `require('./img.png')` on native.
+ *
+ * Most apps do not use this directly — assets are handled through `<Image>`.
+ */
+export interface AssetRegistry {
+  /**
+   * Register an asset. Returns the asset ID.
+   */
+  registerAsset(asset: PackagerAsset): number;
+
+  /**
+   * Retrieve a registered asset by ID.
+   */
+  getAssetByID(assetId: number): PackagerAsset;
+}
+
+export declare const AssetRegistry: AssetRegistry;